{"id":9355,"date":"2025-09-08T23:07:09","date_gmt":"2025-09-09T06:07:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/barglow.com\/therese\/?page_id=9355"},"modified":"2026-06-15T11:07:57","modified_gmt":"2026-06-15T18:07:57","slug":"diaspora","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/barglow.com\/therese\/diaspora\/","title":{"rendered":"Diaspora\/Identity"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-1 fusion-flex-container has-pattern-background has-mask-background fusion-parallax-none hundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"background-color: rgba(255,255,255,0);background-image: url(&quot;https:\/\/barglow.com\/therese\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/dots-blog8-150x150-1.png&quot;);background-position: center center;background-repeat: repeat;border-width: 0px 0px 0px 0px;border-color:#eae9e9;border-style:solid;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-stretch 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class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-1 fusion-text-no-margin\" style=\"margin-bottom:10px;\"><h2 style=\"text-align: center;\">What does the land of Palestine have to do with being Jewish?<\/h2>\n<\/div><div style=\"text-align:center;\"><span class=\" fusion-imageframe imageframe-none imageframe-1 hover-type-none\" style=\"max-width:83%;\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1908\" height=\"1080\" src=\"https:\/\/barglow.com\/therese\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/JewsDebating-21rgb.jpg\" alt class=\"img-responsive wp-image-9761\" srcset=\"https:\/\/barglow.com\/therese\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/JewsDebating-21rgb-200x113.jpg 200w, https:\/\/barglow.com\/therese\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/JewsDebating-21rgb-400x226.jpg 400w, https:\/\/barglow.com\/therese\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/JewsDebating-21rgb-600x340.jpg 600w, https:\/\/barglow.com\/therese\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/JewsDebating-21rgb-800x453.jpg 800w, https:\/\/barglow.com\/therese\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/JewsDebating-21rgb-1200x679.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/barglow.com\/therese\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/JewsDebating-21rgb.jpg 1908w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1100px) 100vw, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 1200px\" \/><\/span><\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-2\" style=\"margin-top:2%;margin-right:15%;margin-left:20%;\"><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Although Zionism has evolved since\u00a0 the late-19th century when the modern movement began, it continues to hold out similar hopes and to raise similar questions. One aim of our play is to cast light on its early history \u2013 including the reasons why some people embraced the cause while others objected to it \u2013 thereby encouraging dialogue and reflection today.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><style type=\"text\/css\">.fusion-body .fusion-builder-column-0{width:100% !important;margin-top : 0px;margin-bottom : 0px;}.fusion-builder-column-0 > .fusion-column-wrapper {padding-top : 0px !important;padding-right : 0px !important;margin-right : 1.92%;padding-bottom : 0px !important;padding-left : 0px !important;margin-left : 1.92%;}@media only screen and (max-width:1100px) {.fusion-body .fusion-builder-column-0{width:100% !important;order : 0;}.fusion-builder-column-0 > .fusion-column-wrapper {margin-right : 1.92%;margin-left : 1.92%;}}@media only screen and (max-width:800px) {.fusion-body .fusion-builder-column-0{width:100% !important;order : 0;}.fusion-builder-column-0 > .fusion-column-wrapper {margin-right : 1.92%;margin-left : 1.92%;}}<\/style><\/div><\/div><style type=\"text\/css\">.fusion-body .fusion-flex-container.fusion-builder-row-1{ padding-top : 0px;margin-top : 0px;padding-right : 4%;padding-bottom : 0px;margin-bottom : 0px;padding-left : 4%;}<\/style><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-2 fusion-flex-container has-pattern-background has-mask-background fusion-parallax-none hundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"background-color: rgba(255,255,255,0);background-image: url(&quot;https:\/\/barglow.com\/therese\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/dots-blog8-150x150-1.png&quot;);background-position: center center;background-repeat: repeat;border-width: 0px 0px 0px 0px;border-color:#eae9e9;border-style:solid;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-stretch fusion-flex-align-content-space-evenly fusion-flex-justify-content-center\" style=\"width:104% !important;max-width:104% !important;margin-left: calc(-4% \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-4% \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-1 fusion_builder_column_1_3 1_3 fusion-flex-column fusion-flex-align-self-stretch\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-space-evenly fusion-content-layout-column\" style=\"background-position:left top;background-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-background-size:cover;-moz-background-size:cover;-o-background-size:cover;background-size:cover;padding: 0px 0px 0px 0px;\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-3\"><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The age-old Jewish longing for redemption, &#8220;Next year in Jerusalem,&#8221; <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">L&#8217;Shana Haba&#8217;ah B&#8217;Yerushalayim, <\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">which is shouted at the end of the Passover Seder and\u00a0 Yom Kippur, is a reminder of exile and an expression of hope for return to Biblical Israel (also known as Palestine).\u00a0 The Talmud expresses a reverence for this strip of land b<\/span>etween the Jordan River and the Mediterranean Sea, \u00a0affirms the universal obligation of Jews to live there, and is confident that one day this dream will be fulfilled. But also very old is questioning about this prophecy; should such an ingathering be the destiny of <i>all<\/i> Jews? Might <i>L&#8217;Shana Haba&#8217;ah <\/i>be understood \u2013 and this too is suggested in scripture \u2013 as a prayer for <em>universal<\/em> redemption, for peace and freedom worldwide?<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><style type=\"text\/css\">.fusion-body .fusion-builder-column-1{width:33.333333333333% !important;margin-top : 0px;margin-bottom : 0px;}.fusion-builder-column-1 > .fusion-column-wrapper {padding-top : 0px !important;padding-right : 0px !important;margin-right : 2.88%;padding-bottom : 0px !important;padding-left : 0px !important;margin-left : 2.88%;}@media only screen and (max-width:1100px) {.fusion-body .fusion-builder-column-1{width:100% !important;order : 0;}.fusion-builder-column-1 > .fusion-column-wrapper {margin-right : 1.92%;margin-left : 1.92%;}}@media only screen and (max-width:800px) {.fusion-body .fusion-builder-column-1{width:100% !important;order : 0;}.fusion-builder-column-1 > .fusion-column-wrapper {margin-right : 1.92%;margin-left : 1.92%;}}<\/style><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-2 fusion_builder_column_2_3 2_3 fusion-flex-column fusion-flex-align-self-stretch\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-space-evenly fusion-content-layout-column\" style=\"background-position:left top;background-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-background-size:cover;-moz-background-size:cover;-o-background-size:cover;background-size:cover;padding: 0px 0px 0px 0px;\"><div ><span class=\" fusion-imageframe imageframe-none imageframe-2 hover-type-none\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1750\" height=\"1166\" src=\"https:\/\/barglow.com\/therese\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/jerusalemPhoto6-hercules.png\" alt class=\"img-responsive wp-image-9666\" srcset=\"https:\/\/barglow.com\/therese\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/jerusalemPhoto6-hercules-200x133.png 200w, https:\/\/barglow.com\/therese\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/jerusalemPhoto6-hercules-400x267.png 400w, https:\/\/barglow.com\/therese\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/jerusalemPhoto6-hercules-600x400.png 600w, https:\/\/barglow.com\/therese\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/jerusalemPhoto6-hercules-800x533.png 800w, https:\/\/barglow.com\/therese\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/jerusalemPhoto6-hercules-1200x800.png 1200w, https:\/\/barglow.com\/therese\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/jerusalemPhoto6-hercules.png 1750w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1100px) 100vw, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/span><\/div><\/div><style type=\"text\/css\">.fusion-body .fusion-builder-column-2{width:66.666666666667% !important;margin-top : 0px;margin-bottom : 0px;}.fusion-builder-column-2 > .fusion-column-wrapper {padding-top : 0px !important;padding-right : 0px !important;margin-right : 1.44%;padding-bottom : 0px !important;padding-left : 0px !important;margin-left : 1.44%;}@media only screen and (max-width:1100px) {.fusion-body .fusion-builder-column-2{width:100% !important;order : 0;}.fusion-builder-column-2 > .fusion-column-wrapper {margin-right : 1.92%;margin-left : 1.92%;}}@media only screen and (max-width:800px) {.fusion-body .fusion-builder-column-2{width:100% !important;order : 0;}.fusion-builder-column-2 > .fusion-column-wrapper {margin-right : 1.92%;margin-left : 1.92%;}}<\/style><\/div><\/div><style type=\"text\/css\">.fusion-body .fusion-flex-container.fusion-builder-row-2{ padding-top : 0px;margin-top : 0px;padding-right : 8%;padding-bottom : 0px;margin-bottom : 0px;padding-left : 12%;}<\/style><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-3 fusion-flex-container has-pattern-background has-mask-background fusion-parallax-none hundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"background-color: rgba(255,255,255,0);background-image: url(&quot;https:\/\/barglow.com\/therese\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/dots-blog8-150x150-1.png&quot;);background-position: center center;background-repeat: repeat;border-width: 0px 0px 0px 0px;border-color:#eae9e9;border-style:solid;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start fusion-flex-align-content-flex-start fusion-flex-justify-content-center\" style=\"width:104% !important;max-width:104% !important;margin-left: calc(-4% \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-4% \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-3 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-flex-column fusion-flex-align-self-flex-start\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\" style=\"background-position:left top;background-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-background-size:cover;-moz-background-size:cover;-o-background-size:cover;background-size:cover;padding: 0px 0px 0px 0px;\"><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-builder-row-inner fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start fusion-flex-align-content-flex-start fusion-flex-justify-content-center\" style=\"width:104% !important;max-width:104% !important;margin-left: calc(-4% \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-4% \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column_inner fusion-builder-nested-column-0 fusion_builder_column_inner_1_2 1_2 fusion-flex-column fusion-flex-align-self-stretch\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-space-evenly fusion-content-layout-column\" style=\"background-position:left top;background-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-background-size:cover;-moz-background-size:cover;-o-background-size:cover;background-size:cover;padding: 0px 0px 0px 0px;\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-4\"><p>Let&#8217;s review the history of this controversy. <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A Viennese Jew, Theodor Herzl, who convened the first international Zionist congress in 1897, envisaged a secure \u201chomeland for the Jews\u201d that would put an end to the Diaspora.\u00a0 But the chief rabbi in late 19th-century Vienna, Moritz G\u00fcdemann, took exception to this\u00a0 Zionist project, and he confronted Herzl privately and in public. Just before the Zionist Congress took place, G\u00fcdemann published a widely read anti-Zionist polemic, <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Nationaljudenthum, <\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">in which h<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">e argued that Judaism is a world religion that stands in irreconcilable conflict with nationalism.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><style type=\"text\/css\">.fusion-body .fusion-builder-nested-column-0{width:50% !important;margin-top : 0px;margin-bottom : 0px;}.fusion-builder-nested-column-0 > .fusion-column-wrapper {padding-top : 0px !important;padding-right : 0px !important;margin-right : 3.84%;padding-bottom : 0px !important;padding-left : 0px !important;margin-left : 3.84%;}@media only screen and (max-width:1100px) {.fusion-body .fusion-builder-nested-column-0{width:100% !important;order : 0;}.fusion-builder-nested-column-0 > .fusion-column-wrapper {margin-right : 1.92%;margin-left : 1.92%;}}@media only screen and (max-width:800px) {.fusion-body .fusion-builder-nested-column-0{width:100% !important;order : 0;}.fusion-builder-nested-column-0 > .fusion-column-wrapper {margin-right : 1.92%;margin-left : 1.92%;}}<\/style><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column_inner fusion-builder-nested-column-1 fusion_builder_column_inner_1_4 1_4 fusion-flex-column fusion-flex-align-self-stretch\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\" style=\"background-position:left top;background-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-background-size:cover;-moz-background-size:cover;-o-background-size:cover;background-size:cover;padding: 0px 0px 0px 0px;\"><div class=\" awb-imageframe-style awb-imageframe-style-below awb-imageframe-style-3\"><span class=\" fusion-imageframe imageframe-none imageframe-3 hover-type-none\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"729\" height=\"858\" src=\"https:\/\/barglow.com\/therese\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Theodor_Herzl_retouched.jpg\" alt class=\"img-responsive wp-image-9399\" srcset=\"https:\/\/barglow.com\/therese\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Theodor_Herzl_retouched-200x235.jpg 200w, https:\/\/barglow.com\/therese\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Theodor_Herzl_retouched-400x471.jpg 400w, https:\/\/barglow.com\/therese\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Theodor_Herzl_retouched-600x706.jpg 600w, https:\/\/barglow.com\/therese\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Theodor_Herzl_retouched.jpg 729w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1100px) 100vw, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 400px\" \/><\/span><div class=\"awb-imageframe-caption-container\" style=\"text-align:center;\"><div class=\"awb-imageframe-caption\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-5\"><h3 style=\"text-align: center;\">Theodor Herzl<\/h3>\n<\/div><\/div><style type=\"text\/css\">.fusion-body .fusion-builder-nested-column-1{width:25% !important;margin-top : 0px;margin-bottom : 0px;}.fusion-builder-nested-column-1 > .fusion-column-wrapper {padding-top : 0px !important;padding-right : 0px !important;margin-right : 7.68%;padding-bottom : 0px !important;padding-left : 0px !important;margin-left : 7.68%;}@media only screen and (max-width:1100px) {.fusion-body .fusion-builder-nested-column-1{width:100% !important;order : 0;}.fusion-builder-nested-column-1 > .fusion-column-wrapper {margin-right : 1.92%;margin-left : 1.92%;}}@media only screen and (max-width:800px) {.fusion-body .fusion-builder-nested-column-1{width:100% !important;order : 0;}.fusion-builder-nested-column-1 > .fusion-column-wrapper {margin-right : 1.92%;margin-left : 1.92%;}}<\/style><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column_inner fusion-builder-nested-column-2 fusion_builder_column_inner_1_4 1_4 fusion-flex-column fusion-flex-align-self-stretch\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\" style=\"background-position:left top;background-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-background-size:cover;-moz-background-size:cover;-o-background-size:cover;background-size:cover;padding: 0px 0px 0px 0px;\"><div class=\" awb-imageframe-style awb-imageframe-style-below awb-imageframe-style-4\" style=\"text-align:center;\"><span class=\" fusion-imageframe imageframe-none imageframe-4 hover-type-none\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"729\" height=\"858\" src=\"https:\/\/barglow.com\/therese\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/guedmann4.jpg\" alt class=\"img-responsive wp-image-9832\" srcset=\"https:\/\/barglow.com\/therese\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/guedmann4-200x235.jpg 200w, https:\/\/barglow.com\/therese\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/guedmann4-400x471.jpg 400w, https:\/\/barglow.com\/therese\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/guedmann4-600x706.jpg 600w, https:\/\/barglow.com\/therese\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/guedmann4.jpg 729w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1100px) 100vw, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 400px\" \/><\/span><div class=\"awb-imageframe-caption-container\" style=\"text-align:center;\"><div class=\"awb-imageframe-caption\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-6\"><h3 style=\"text-align: center;\">Moritz G\u00fcdemann<\/h3>\n<\/div><\/div><style type=\"text\/css\">.fusion-body .fusion-builder-nested-column-2{width:25% !important;margin-top : 0px;margin-bottom : 0px;}.fusion-builder-nested-column-2 > .fusion-column-wrapper {padding-top : 0px !important;padding-right : 0px !important;margin-right : 7.68%;padding-bottom : 0px !important;padding-left : 0px !important;margin-left : 7.68%;}@media only screen and (max-width:1100px) {.fusion-body .fusion-builder-nested-column-2{width:100% !important;order : 0;}.fusion-builder-nested-column-2 > .fusion-column-wrapper {margin-right : 1.92%;margin-left : 1.92%;}}@media only screen and (max-width:800px) {.fusion-body .fusion-builder-nested-column-2{width:100% !important;order : 0;}.fusion-builder-nested-column-2 > .fusion-column-wrapper {margin-right : 1.92%;margin-left : 1.92%;}}<\/style><\/div><\/div><\/div><style type=\"text\/css\">.fusion-body .fusion-builder-column-3{width:100% !important;margin-top : 0px;margin-bottom : 0px;}.fusion-builder-column-3 > .fusion-column-wrapper {padding-top : 0px !important;padding-right : 0px !important;margin-right : 1.92%;padding-bottom : 0px !important;padding-left : 0px !important;margin-left : 1.92%;}@media only screen and (max-width:1100px) {.fusion-body .fusion-builder-column-3{width:100% !important;order : 0;}.fusion-builder-column-3 > .fusion-column-wrapper {margin-right : 1.92%;margin-left : 1.92%;}}@media only screen and (max-width:800px) {.fusion-body .fusion-builder-column-3{width:100% !important;order : 0;}.fusion-builder-column-3 > .fusion-column-wrapper {margin-right : 1.92%;margin-left : 1.92%;}}<\/style><\/div><\/div><style type=\"text\/css\">.fusion-body .fusion-flex-container.fusion-builder-row-3{ padding-top : 3%;margin-top : 0px;padding-right : 15%;padding-bottom : 0px;margin-bottom : 0px;padding-left : 15%;}<\/style><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-4 fusion-flex-container has-pattern-background has-mask-background fusion-parallax-none hundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"background-color: rgba(255,255,255,0);background-image: url(&quot;https:\/\/barglow.com\/therese\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/dots-blog8-150x150-1.png&quot;);background-position: center center;background-repeat: repeat;border-width: 0px 0px 0px 0px;border-color:#eae9e9;border-style:solid;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-stretch fusion-flex-align-content-space-evenly\" style=\"width:104% !important;max-width:104% !important;margin-left: calc(-4% \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-4% \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-4 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-flex-column fusion-flex-align-self-stretch\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-space-evenly fusion-content-layout-column\" style=\"background-position:left top;background-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-background-size:cover;-moz-background-size:cover;-o-background-size:cover;background-size:cover;padding: 0px 0px 0px 0px;\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-7\" style=\"margin-top:2%;\"><p>Although he was acutely aware of the pogroms going on in Eastern Europe and Russia, along with amplifying antisemitism in Austria itself, G\u00fcdemann didn&#8217;t believe that Zionism offered a righteous path forward. The danger, he writes, is that a Judaism \u201cwith cannons and bayonets\u201d will \u201cswap the role of David for that of Goliath and be a pathetic travesty of itself.\u201d <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Herzl was more hopeful, believing that Jewish settlement in Palestine would not only benefit the Arabs living there but also set an example for the world: &#8220;Nothing prevents us from being and remaining the exponents of a united humanity when we have a country of our own. To fulfill this mission we do not have to remain literally planted among the nations who hate and despise us.&#8221;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-fusion-400 wp-image-9639 alignright\" src=\"https:\/\/barglow.com\/therese\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/roadintotheopenbookcover-3-400x624.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"400\" height=\"624\" srcset=\"https:\/\/barglow.com\/therese\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/roadintotheopenbookcover-3-192x300.jpg 192w, https:\/\/barglow.com\/therese\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/roadintotheopenbookcover-3-200x312.jpg 200w, https:\/\/barglow.com\/therese\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/roadintotheopenbookcover-3-400x624.jpg 400w, https:\/\/barglow.com\/therese\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/roadintotheopenbookcover-3-600x937.jpg 600w, https:\/\/barglow.com\/therese\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/roadintotheopenbookcover-3-656x1024.jpg 656w, https:\/\/barglow.com\/therese\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/roadintotheopenbookcover-3-768x1199.jpg 768w, https:\/\/barglow.com\/therese\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/roadintotheopenbookcover-3-800x1249.jpg 800w, https:\/\/barglow.com\/therese\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/roadintotheopenbookcover-3.jpg 961w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\" \/>The characters in <\/span>Arthur Schnitzler <em>The Road Into the Open<\/em> wrestle with these matters. Leo attended the first Zionist congress and has become an impassioned believer.\u00a0 Another young man, Oskar Ehrenberg, repudiates his Jewish identity and converts to Christianity. Therese doesn&#8217;t abandon her Jewish heritage, but gives it expression through her commitment to social democratic activism.\u00a0 Heinrich, who in the novel stands in for Schnitzler himself, perceives the situation of Jews &#8212; facing rising antisemitism on the one hand, with no realistic prospect of Zionist redemption on the other &#8212; as inherently problematic, if not irresolvable.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Although Schnitzler\u2019s novel was written over a century ago, some of the disputes about Jewish identity and relationship to the land of Palestine that are taken up in it remain unsettled today.\u00a0 Decades before the founding of the state of Israel in 1948, Schnitzler and his Viennese contemporaries raised questions about what the achievement of statehood in a distant land would mean.\u00a0 Among the participants in conversations about Jewish identity in the Diaspora and in Palestine were Bertha Pappenheim and Martin Buber.\u00a0 He was a Biblical scholar and teacher who embraced the Zionist cause and moved to Palestine.\u00a0 Pappenheim was a social activist who criticized Zionist methods and ethics.\u00a0 Despite their ideological differences, they became close friends who worked together and learned from one another.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><style type=\"text\/css\">.fusion-body .fusion-builder-column-4{width:100% !important;margin-top : 0px;margin-bottom : 0px;}.fusion-builder-column-4 > .fusion-column-wrapper {padding-top : 0px !important;padding-right : 0px !important;margin-right : 1.92%;padding-bottom : 0px !important;padding-left : 0px !important;margin-left : 1.92%;}@media only screen and (max-width:1100px) {.fusion-body .fusion-builder-column-4{width:100% !important;order : 0;}.fusion-builder-column-4 > .fusion-column-wrapper {margin-right : 1.92%;margin-left : 1.92%;}}@media only screen and (max-width:800px) {.fusion-body .fusion-builder-column-4{width:100% !important;order : 0;}.fusion-builder-column-4 > .fusion-column-wrapper {margin-right : 1.92%;margin-left : 1.92%;}}<\/style><\/div><\/div><style type=\"text\/css\">.fusion-body .fusion-flex-container.fusion-builder-row-4{ padding-top : 0px;margin-top : 0px;padding-right : 19%;padding-bottom : 0px;margin-bottom : 0px;padding-left : 19%;}<\/style><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-5 fusion-flex-container has-pattern-background has-mask-background fusion-parallax-none hundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"background-color: rgba(255,255,255,0);background-image: url(&quot;https:\/\/barglow.com\/therese\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/dots-blog8-150x150-1.png&quot;);background-position: center center;background-repeat: repeat;border-width: 0px 0px 0px 0px;border-color:#eae9e9;border-style:solid;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start\" style=\"width:104% !important;max-width:104% !important;margin-left: calc(-4% \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-4% \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-5 fusion_builder_column_1_2 1_2 fusion-flex-column\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\" style=\"background-position:left top;background-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-background-size:cover;-moz-background-size:cover;-o-background-size:cover;background-size:cover;padding: 0px 0px 0px 0px;\"><div class=\" awb-imageframe-style awb-imageframe-style-below awb-imageframe-style-5\" style=\"text-align:center;\"><style>.awb-imageframe-style.awb-imageframe-style-5 .awb-imageframe-caption-container {margin: 0 auto;}<\/style><span class=\" fusion-imageframe imageframe-none imageframe-5 hover-type-none\" style=\"max-width:69%;\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"704\" height=\"1063\" src=\"https:\/\/barglow.com\/therese\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Bertha-Pappenheim-C-Bildquelle-3-1.jpg\" alt class=\"img-responsive wp-image-9590\" srcset=\"https:\/\/barglow.com\/therese\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Bertha-Pappenheim-C-Bildquelle-3-1-200x302.jpg 200w, https:\/\/barglow.com\/therese\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Bertha-Pappenheim-C-Bildquelle-3-1-400x604.jpg 400w, https:\/\/barglow.com\/therese\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Bertha-Pappenheim-C-Bildquelle-3-1-600x906.jpg 600w, https:\/\/barglow.com\/therese\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Bertha-Pappenheim-C-Bildquelle-3-1.jpg 704w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1100px) 100vw, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/span><div class=\"awb-imageframe-caption-container\" style=\"max-width:69%;\"><div class=\"awb-imageframe-caption\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-8\" style=\"margin-top:2%;\"><p style=\"text-align: left;\">Bertha Pappenheim (1859-1936) wears a medal with the initials &#8220;JFB&#8221; standing for &#8220;J\u00fcdischer Frauenbund&#8221; (League of Jewish Women), an organization that she founded and led for 20 years.<\/p>\n<h3>\u201cWe Jews should remember that we can see the summit of Mount Sinai from anywhere in the world, from the Diaspora\u2014and Palestine too is Diaspora.\u201d<\/h3>\n<\/div><\/div><style type=\"text\/css\">.fusion-body .fusion-builder-column-5{width:50% !important;margin-top : 0px;margin-bottom : 0px;}.fusion-builder-column-5 > .fusion-column-wrapper {padding-top : 0px !important;padding-right : 0px !important;margin-right : 3.84%;padding-bottom : 0px !important;padding-left : 0px !important;margin-left : 3.84%;}@media only screen and (max-width:1100px) {.fusion-body .fusion-builder-column-5{width:100% !important;order : 0;}.fusion-builder-column-5 > .fusion-column-wrapper {margin-right : 1.92%;margin-left : 1.92%;}}@media only screen and (max-width:800px) {.fusion-body .fusion-builder-column-5{width:100% !important;order : 0;}.fusion-builder-column-5 > .fusion-column-wrapper {margin-right : 1.92%;margin-left : 1.92%;}}<\/style><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-6 fusion_builder_column_1_2 1_2 fusion-flex-column\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\" style=\"background-position:left top;background-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-background-size:cover;-moz-background-size:cover;-o-background-size:cover;background-size:cover;padding: 0px 0px 0px 0px;\"><div class=\" awb-imageframe-style awb-imageframe-style-below awb-imageframe-style-6\" style=\"text-align:center;\"><style>.awb-imageframe-style.awb-imageframe-style-6 .awb-imageframe-caption-container {margin: 0 auto;}<\/style><span class=\" fusion-imageframe imageframe-none imageframe-6 hover-type-none\" style=\"max-width:65%;\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"696\" height=\"1063\" src=\"https:\/\/barglow.com\/therese\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/buber-3.jpg\" alt class=\"img-responsive wp-image-9580\" srcset=\"https:\/\/barglow.com\/therese\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/buber-3-200x305.jpg 200w, https:\/\/barglow.com\/therese\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/buber-3-400x611.jpg 400w, https:\/\/barglow.com\/therese\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/buber-3-600x916.jpg 600w, https:\/\/barglow.com\/therese\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/buber-3.jpg 696w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1100px) 100vw, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/span><div class=\"awb-imageframe-caption-container\" style=\"max-width:65%;\"><div class=\"awb-imageframe-caption\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-9\" style=\"margin-top:2%;\"><p style=\"text-align: left;\">Martin Buber (1878\u20131965) is most well-known for his exploration of what he calls &#8220;I-Thou Relationships.&#8221;\u00a0 One&#8217;s whole being is involved when one is fully present and transparent to another, enabling recognition of their experience, dignity, and intrinsic worth.<\/p>\n<h3>\u201cFifty years ago, when I joined the Zionist movement for the rebirth of Israel, my heart was whole. Today \u2026 I cannot \u2026 even be joyful in anticipating victory, for I fear lest the significance of Jewish victory be the downfall of Zionism.\u201d<\/h3>\n<\/div><\/div><style type=\"text\/css\">.fusion-body .fusion-builder-column-6{width:50% !important;margin-top : 0px;margin-bottom : 0px;}.fusion-builder-column-6 > .fusion-column-wrapper {padding-top : 0px !important;padding-right : 0px !important;margin-right : 3.84%;padding-bottom : 0px !important;padding-left : 0px !important;margin-left : 3.84%;}@media only screen and (max-width:1100px) {.fusion-body .fusion-builder-column-6{width:100% !important;order : 0;}.fusion-builder-column-6 > .fusion-column-wrapper {margin-right : 1.92%;margin-left : 1.92%;}}@media only screen and (max-width:800px) {.fusion-body .fusion-builder-column-6{width:100% !important;order : 0;}.fusion-builder-column-6 > .fusion-column-wrapper {margin-right : 1.92%;margin-left : 1.92%;}}<\/style><\/div><\/div><style type=\"text\/css\">.fusion-body .fusion-flex-container.fusion-builder-row-5{ padding-top : 2%;margin-top : 0px;padding-right : 12%;padding-bottom : 0px;margin-bottom : 0px;padding-left : 12%;}<\/style><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-6 fusion-flex-container has-pattern-background has-mask-background fusion-parallax-none hundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"background-color: rgba(255,255,255,0);background-image: url(&quot;https:\/\/barglow.com\/therese\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/dots-blog8-150x150-1.png&quot;);background-position: center center;background-repeat: repeat;border-width: 0px 0px 0px 0px;border-color:#eae9e9;border-style:solid;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start\" style=\"width:104% !important;max-width:104% !important;margin-left: calc(-4% \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-4% \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-7 fusion_builder_column_1_2 1_2 fusion-flex-column\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\" style=\"background-position:left top;background-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-background-size:cover;-moz-background-size:cover;-o-background-size:cover;background-size:cover;padding: 0px 0px 0px 0px;\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-10\" style=\"margin-top:2%;\"><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Two new ideas in the late 19th century \u2013 psychoanalysis and Jewish feminism \u2013 are bound up with the life of one woman, Bert<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">ha Pappenheim.\u00a0 Before she became well-known as a social reformer, feminist, and founder of the field of social work, she entered the history of psychoanalysis as \u201cAnna O,\u201d the young patient whose case motivated the invention of the \u201ctalking cure\u201d (Pappenheim herself coined this name for her treatment) as a method of psychotherapy.<img decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-9469 alignleft\" src=\"https:\/\/barglow.com\/therese\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/pappenheim-enigmaAnnaO-2-400x574.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"288\" height=\"413\" srcset=\"https:\/\/barglow.com\/therese\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/pappenheim-enigmaAnnaO-2-200x287.png 200w, https:\/\/barglow.com\/therese\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/pappenheim-enigmaAnnaO-2-209x300.png 209w, https:\/\/barglow.com\/therese\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/pappenheim-enigmaAnnaO-2-400x574.png 400w, https:\/\/barglow.com\/therese\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/pappenheim-enigmaAnnaO-2.png 404w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 288px) 100vw, 288px\" \/> \u00a0She was described by Sigmund Freud, in a book co-authored with Josef Breuer, Pappenheim\u2019s family doctor, as suffering from hysterical symptoms that included hallucinations, paralysis,\u00a0 facial pain, and disturbed speech\u2013sometimes she lost her German entirely and could\u00a0 converse only in English, French, or Italian! These symptoms had begun while she was caring for her dying father, and she entered therapy in 1880 at the age of 21. Freud and Breuer portray her as a beautiful woman with \u201ca powerful intellect and a penetrating intuition who was suffocated by an extremely monotonous existence of an upper-class daughter in a narrow-minded orthodox Jewish family.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Pappenheim regained her health in her late 20s, emerging from her personal suffering with inexhaustible energy, compassion and vision.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>She traveled to Eastern Europe, Russia, and the Middle East to organize resistance against the plight of women entrapped in prostitution, sex trafficking and other forms of exploitation. While remaining religiously devout throughout her life, Pappenheim recognized that Jewish women had to deal not only with antisemitism but also with unequal treatment within Jewish tradition itself.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Zionism, Pappenheim believed, could not provide a solution to the problems of being Jewish, especially not for women.\u00a0 On the contrary, the movement was biased in favor of men and retained women in subordinate roles. Biblical Palestine, in her view, is<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> most significant within Judaism as a carrier of meaning, not as a geographical center of command that stands apart from the Diaspora and exercises authority over it.\u00a0 Pappenheim&#8217;s vision is inclusive: <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201cFor the spirit of Judaism, the whole world is just big enough&#8230;. We Jews should remember that we can see the summit of Mount Sinai from anywhere in the world, from the Diaspora\u2014and Palestine too is Diaspora.\u201d\u00a0 She traveled to Palestine extensively, collaborated with Zionist women, and participated in Zionist cultural programs.\u00a0 Yet she held that what fundamentally unites Jews can never be physical location but must remain their shared history and the values they hold dear.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><style type=\"text\/css\">.fusion-body .fusion-builder-column-7{width:50% !important;margin-top : 0px;margin-bottom : 0px;}.fusion-builder-column-7 > .fusion-column-wrapper {padding-top : 0px !important;padding-right : 0px !important;margin-right : 3.84%;padding-bottom : 0px !important;padding-left : 0px !important;margin-left : 3.84%;}@media only screen and (max-width:1100px) {.fusion-body .fusion-builder-column-7{width:100% !important;order : 0;}.fusion-builder-column-7 > .fusion-column-wrapper {margin-right : 1.92%;margin-left : 1.92%;}}@media only screen and (max-width:800px) {.fusion-body .fusion-builder-column-7{width:100% !important;order : 0;}.fusion-builder-column-7 > .fusion-column-wrapper {margin-right : 1.92%;margin-left : 1.92%;}}<\/style><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-8 fusion_builder_column_1_2 1_2 fusion-flex-column fusion-flex-align-self-flex-start\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-center fusion-content-layout-column\" style=\"background-position:left top;background-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-background-size:cover;-moz-background-size:cover;-o-background-size:cover;background-size:cover;padding: 0px 0px 0px 0px;\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-11\" style=\"margin-top:1%;\"><p style=\"text-align: left;\">Martin Buber agreed with Herzl about the need for a Zionist movement, but not about its aims.\u00a0 In a context of rising antisemitism Herzl&#8217;s focus was on territory and safety ensured by national sovereignty.\u00a0 In contrast, Buber embraced Zionism as a source of cultural and spiritual renewal.\u00a0 No less would be required, Buber thought, if Jews were going to meet their Arab neighbors in the land of Palestine with openness and an abundance of good will.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_9669\" style=\"width: 338px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><img decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-9669\" class=\"wp-image-9669\" src=\"https:\/\/barglow.com\/therese\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/BUBER-BALL-SHEM-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"328\" height=\"507\" srcset=\"https:\/\/barglow.com\/therese\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/BUBER-BALL-SHEM-1-194x300.jpg 194w, https:\/\/barglow.com\/therese\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/BUBER-BALL-SHEM-1-200x309.jpg 200w, https:\/\/barglow.com\/therese\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/BUBER-BALL-SHEM-1-400x618.jpg 400w, https:\/\/barglow.com\/therese\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/BUBER-BALL-SHEM-1-600x927.jpg 600w, https:\/\/barglow.com\/therese\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/BUBER-BALL-SHEM-1-663x1024.jpg 663w, https:\/\/barglow.com\/therese\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/BUBER-BALL-SHEM-1-768x1186.jpg 768w, https:\/\/barglow.com\/therese\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/BUBER-BALL-SHEM-1-800x1236.jpg 800w, https:\/\/barglow.com\/therese\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/BUBER-BALL-SHEM-1.jpg 971w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 328px) 100vw, 328px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-9669\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; color: #d79581;\">Buber celebrated the life of Baal-Shem-Tov, a Kabbalist who founded Hasidism in the 18th century.<\/span><\/p><\/div>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">Buber moved to Jerusalem in 1938 and became a university professor there.\u00a0 Zionism for him meant &#8220;Hebrew humanism,&#8221; which is universalist in its outreach. &#8220;Israel&#8217;s problem, &#8221; he said, is inevitably &#8220;linked to the task of humanity in general.&#8221; T<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">he return of Jews to the Holy Land, Buber believes, is bound up with the formation of a new kind of community that honors what is deeply meaningful and ethically compelling in the traditional canon.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">Such a progressive Zionism remains alive today, but is the dream not sharply contradicted by the laying waste of Gaza and the occupation of the West Bank? <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Mindful of the admonition in <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Exodus<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, \u201cYou shall neither mistreat nor oppress a stranger, for you were strangers in the land of Egypt,\u201d Buber comments on Jewish-Palestinian conflict:<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px; text-align: left;\">&#8220;Remember \u2026 how the nations looked down upon us and continue to look down upon us at all places, as strangers, as an inferior group\u2026.. Let us be careful not to commit ourselves what has been committed against us! [We need] to imagine the soul of the other\u2014of the stranger \u2026. despite all our differences of interest (which result from illusion rather than politics) a political consensus is possible, for there is love for the land there and here, for there is a will for the future of this land there and here. And as we share this common love and common will, it is possible to work together.&#8221;<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><style type=\"text\/css\">.fusion-body .fusion-builder-column-8{width:50% !important;margin-top : 0px;margin-bottom : 0px;}.fusion-builder-column-8 > .fusion-column-wrapper {padding-top : 0px !important;padding-right : 0px !important;margin-right : 3.84%;padding-bottom : 0px !important;padding-left : 0px !important;margin-left : 3.84%;}@media only screen and (max-width:1100px) {.fusion-body .fusion-builder-column-8{width:100% !important;order : 0;}.fusion-builder-column-8 > .fusion-column-wrapper {margin-right : 1.92%;margin-left : 1.92%;}}@media only screen and (max-width:800px) {.fusion-body .fusion-builder-column-8{width:100% !important;order : 0;}.fusion-builder-column-8 > .fusion-column-wrapper {margin-right : 1.92%;margin-left : 1.92%;}}<\/style><\/div><\/div><style type=\"text\/css\">.fusion-body .fusion-flex-container.fusion-builder-row-6{ padding-top : 0px;margin-top : 0px;padding-right : 12%;padding-bottom : 0px;margin-bottom : 0px;padding-left : 12%;}<\/style><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-7 fusion-flex-container has-pattern-background has-mask-background fusion-parallax-none nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"background-color: rgba(255,255,255,0);background-image: url(&quot;https:\/\/barglow.com\/therese\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/dots-blog8-150x150-1.png&quot;);background-position: center center;background-repeat: repeat;border-width: 0px 0px 0px 0px;border-color:#eae9e9;border-style:solid;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start\" style=\"max-width:1040px;margin-left: calc(-4% \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-4% \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-9 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-flex-column\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\" style=\"background-position:left top;background-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-background-size:cover;-moz-background-size:cover;-o-background-size:cover;background-size:cover;padding: 0px 0px 0px 0px;\"><div style=\"text-align:center;\"><span class=\" fusion-imageframe imageframe-none imageframe-8 hover-type-none\" style=\"max-width:90%;\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" src=\"https:\/\/barglow.com\/therese\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/standing-together-march-4.jpg\" alt class=\"img-responsive wp-image-9752\" srcset=\"https:\/\/barglow.com\/therese\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/standing-together-march-4-200x133.jpg 200w, https:\/\/barglow.com\/therese\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/standing-together-march-4-400x267.jpg 400w, https:\/\/barglow.com\/therese\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/standing-together-march-4-600x400.jpg 600w, https:\/\/barglow.com\/therese\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/standing-together-march-4-800x534.jpg 800w, https:\/\/barglow.com\/therese\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/standing-together-march-4.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1100px) 100vw, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/span><\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-12\" style=\"margin-top:1.5%;margin-right:10%;margin-left:10%;\"><p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; color: #d79581;\">Jews and Palestinians march together against the war in Gaza and for equality, social and environmental justice, and peace.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-13 fusion-text-no-margin\" style=\"margin-right:;margin-bottom:3%;margin-left:;\"><p>Following in the footsteps of Bertha Pappenheim and Martin Buber, <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">many peacemakers, Palestinian and Jewish, have advocated mutual recognition of the human rights and dignity of both peoples, leading to negotiation that brings an end to the conflict. Economically as well as politically, history has shown what collaboration between Palestinian and Jewish communities can achieve. (<em>Connecting with the Enemy<\/em>, by Sheila Katz)<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><style type=\"text\/css\">.fusion-body .fusion-builder-column-9{width:100% !important;margin-top : 0px;margin-bottom : 0px;}.fusion-builder-column-9 > .fusion-column-wrapper {padding-top : 0px !important;padding-right : 0px !important;margin-right : 1.92%;padding-bottom : 0px !important;padding-left : 0px !important;margin-left : 1.92%;}@media only screen and (max-width:1100px) {.fusion-body .fusion-builder-column-9{width:100% !important;order : 0;}.fusion-builder-column-9 > .fusion-column-wrapper {margin-right : 1.92%;margin-left : 1.92%;}}@media only screen and (max-width:800px) {.fusion-body .fusion-builder-column-9{width:100% !important;order : 0;}.fusion-builder-column-9 > .fusion-column-wrapper {margin-right : 1.92%;margin-left : 1.92%;}}<\/style><\/div><\/div><style type=\"text\/css\">.fusion-body .fusion-flex-container.fusion-builder-row-7{ padding-top : 0px;margin-top : 0px;padding-right : 0px;padding-bottom : 1%;margin-bottom : 0px;padding-left : 0px;}<\/style><\/div><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"100-width.php","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-9355","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/barglow.com\/therese\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/9355","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/barglow.com\/therese\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/barglow.com\/therese\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/barglow.com\/therese\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/barglow.com\/therese\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9355"}],"version-history":[{"count":381,"href":"https:\/\/barglow.com\/therese\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/9355\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":10065,"href":"https:\/\/barglow.com\/therese\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/9355\/revisions\/10065"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/barglow.com\/therese\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9355"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}